"Alpha-linolenic acid associated with a lower insulin resistance" "PPARgamma agonist alpha-linolenic acid"
Higher dietary intake of alpha-linolenic acid is associated with lower insulin resistance in middle-aged Japanese. Prev Med. 2010 Mar 4. Muramatsu T, Yatsuya H, Toyoshima H, Sasaki S, Yuanying L, Otsuka R, Wada K, Hotta Y, Mitsuhashi H, Matsushita K, Murohara T, Tamakoshi K.
Department of Public Health / Health Information Dynamics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the associations between dietary intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (plant-derived alpha-linolenic acid: ALA, and marine- derived eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid: EPA+DHA) and insulin resistance (IR) in a lean population with high n-3 PUFA intake. METHOD: We cross-sectionally studied 3383 Japanese local government workers aged 35-66 in 2002. IR was defined as the highest quartile of homeostasis model assessment, and nutrient intake was estimated from a diet history questionnaire. The odds ratios (ORs) of IR taking the lowest quartile of ALA or EPA +DHA intake as the reference were calculated by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Mean age, body mass index (BMI), and dietary ALA, and median of dietary EPA+DHA were 47.9years, 22.9kg/m(2), and 1.90g/day (0.88 %E) and 0.77g/day (0.36 %E), respectively. The ORs of IR decreased across the quartiles of ALA intake (multivariate-adjusted OR for Q4 versus Q1=0.74, P for trend=0.01) and the association was observed only in subjects with a BMI <25kg/m(2) (P for interaction=0.033). However EPA+DHA showed no such associations consistently. CONCLUSION: Higher ALA intake was significantly associated with a lower prevalence of IR in normal weight individuals of middle-aged Japanese men and women.
Identification of bioactive compounds from flowers of black elder (Sambucus nigra L.) that activate the human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma. Phytother Res. 2010 Mar 11. Christensen KB, Petersen RK, Kristiansen K, Christensen LP. Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Kirstinebjergvej 10, 5792 Aarslev, Denmark.
Obesity is one of the predisposing factors for the development of overt Type 2 diabetes (T2D). T2D is caused by a combination of insulin resistance and beta-cell failure and can be treated with insulin sensitizing drugs that target the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma. Extracts of elderflowers (Sambucus nigra) have been found to activate PPARgamma and to stimulate insulin-dependent glucose uptake suggesting that they have a potential use in the prevention and/or treatment of insulin resistance. Bioassay-guided chromatographic fractionation of a methanol extract of elderflowers resulted in the identification of two well-known PPARgamma agonists; alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid as well as the flavanone naringenin. Naringenin was found to activate PPARgamma without stimulating adipocyte differentiation. However, the bioactivities of these three metabolites were not able to fully account for the observed PPARgamma activation of the crude elderflower extracts and further studies are needed to determine whether this is due synergistic effects and/or other ligand-independent mechanisms. Elderflower metabolites such as quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, quercetin-3- O-glucoside, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside, isorhamnetin-3- O-glucoside, and 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid were unable to activate PPARgamma. These findings suggest that flavonoid glycosides cannot activate PPARgamma, whereas some of their aglycones are potential agonists of PPARgamma.
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"Alpha-linolenic acid associated with a lower insulin resistance" "PPARgamma agonist alpha-linolenic acid"
Higher dietary intake of alpha-linolenic acid is associated with lower insulin resistance in middle-aged Japanese. Prev Med. 2010 Mar 4. Muramatsu T, Yatsuya H, Toyoshima H, Sasaki S, Yuanying L, Otsuka R, Wada K, Hotta Y, Mitsuhashi H, Matsushita K, Murohara T, Tamakoshi K.
Department of Public Health / Health Information Dynamics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the associations between dietary intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (plant-derived alpha-linolenic acid: ALA, and marine- derived eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid: EPA+DHA) and insulin resistance (IR) in a lean population with high n-3 PUFA intake. METHOD: We cross-sectionally studied 3383 Japanese local government workers aged 35-66 in 2002. IR was defined as the highest quartile of homeostasis model assessment, and nutrient intake was estimated from a diet history questionnaire. The odds ratios (ORs) of IR taking the lowest quartile of ALA or EPA +DHA intake as the reference were calculated by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Mean age, body mass index (BMI), and dietary ALA, and median of dietary EPA+DHA were 47.9years, 22.9kg/m(2), and 1.90g/day (0.88 %E) and 0.77g/day (0.36 %E), respectively. The ORs of IR decreased across the quartiles of ALA intake (multivariate-adjusted OR for Q4 versus Q1=0.74, P for trend=0.01) and the association was observed only in subjects with a BMI <25kg/m(2) (P for interaction=0.033). However EPA+DHA showed no such associations consistently. CONCLUSION: Higher ALA intake was significantly associated with a lower prevalence of IR in normal weight individuals of middle-aged Japanese men and women.
Identification of bioactive compounds from flowers of black elder (Sambucus nigra L.) that activate the human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma. Phytother Res. 2010 Mar 11. Christensen KB, Petersen RK, Kristiansen K, Christensen LP. Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Kirstinebjergvej 10, 5792 Aarslev, Denmark.
Obesity is one of the predisposing factors for the development of overt Type 2 diabetes (T2D). T2D is caused by a combination of insulin resistance and beta-cell failure and can be treated with insulin sensitizing drugs that target the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma. Extracts of elderflowers (Sambucus nigra) have been found to activate PPARgamma and to stimulate insulin-dependent glucose uptake suggesting that they have a potential use in the prevention and/or treatment of insulin resistance. Bioassay-guided chromatographic fractionation of a methanol extract of elderflowers resulted in the identification of two well-known PPARgamma agonists; alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid as well as the flavanone naringenin. Naringenin was found to activate PPARgamma without stimulating adipocyte differentiation. However, the bioactivities of these three metabolites were not able to fully account for the observed PPARgamma activation of the crude elderflower extracts and further studies are needed to determine whether this is due synergistic effects and/or other ligand-independent mechanisms. Elderflower metabolites such as quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, quercetin-3- O-glucoside, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside, isorhamnetin-3- O-glucoside, and 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid were unable to activate PPARgamma. These findings suggest that flavonoid glycosides cannot activate PPARgamma, whereas some of their aglycones are potential agonists of PPARgamma.
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Ignore him ..
"Alpha-linolenic acid associated with a lower insulin resistance" "PPARgamma agonist alpha-linolenic acid"
Higher dietary intake of alpha-linolenic acid is associated with lower insulin resistance in middle-aged Japanese. Prev Med. 2010 Mar 4. Muramatsu T, Yatsuya H, Toyoshima H, Sasaki S, Yuanying L, Otsuka R, Wada K, Hotta Y, Mitsuhashi H, Matsushita K, Murohara T, Tamakoshi K.
Department of Public Health / Health Information Dynamics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the associations between dietary intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (plant-derived alpha-linolenic acid: ALA, and marine- derived eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid: EPA+DHA) and insulin resistance (IR) in a lean population with high n-3 PUFA intake. METHOD: We cross-sectionally studied 3383 Japanese local government workers aged 35-66 in 2002. IR was defined as the highest quartile of homeostasis model assessment, and nutrient intake was estimated from a diet history questionnaire. The odds ratios (ORs) of IR taking the lowest quartile of ALA or EPA +DHA intake as the reference were calculated by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Mean age, body mass index (BMI), and dietary ALA, and median of dietary EPA+DHA were 47.9years, 22.9kg/m(2), and 1.90g/day (0.88 %E) and 0.77g/day (0.36 %E), respectively. The ORs of IR decreased across the quartiles of ALA intake (multivariate-adjusted OR for Q4 versus Q1=0.74, P for trend=0.01) and the association was observed only in subjects with a BMI <25kg/m(2) (P for interaction=0.033). However EPA+DHA showed no such associations consistently. CONCLUSION: Higher ALA intake was significantly associated with a lower prevalence of IR in normal weight individuals of middle-aged Japanese men and women.
Identification of bioactive compounds from flowers of black elder (Sambucus nigra L.) that activate the human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma. Phytother Res. 2010 Mar 11. Christensen KB, Petersen RK, Kristiansen K, Christensen LP. Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Kirstinebjergvej 10, 5792 Aarslev, Denmark.
Obesity is one of the predisposing factors for the development of overt Type 2 diabetes (T2D). T2D is caused by a combination of insulin resistance and beta-cell failure and can be treated with insulin sensitizing drugs that target the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma. Extracts of elderflowers (Sambucus nigra) have been found to activate PPARgamma and to stimulate insulin-dependent glucose uptake suggesting that they have a potential use in the prevention and/or treatment of insulin resistance. Bioassay-guided chromatographic fractionation of a methanol extract of elderflowers resulted in the identification of two well-known PPARgamma agonists; alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid as well as the flavanone naringenin. Naringenin was found to activate PPARgamma without stimulating adipocyte differentiation. However, the bioactivities of these three metabolites were not able to fully account for the observed PPARgamma activation of the crude elderflower extracts and further studies are needed to determine whether this is due synergistic effects and/or other ligand-independent mechanisms. Elderflower metabolites such as quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, quercetin-3- O-glucoside, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside, isorhamnetin-3- O-glucoside, and 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid were unable to activate PPARgamma. These findings suggest that flavonoid glycosides cannot activate PPARgamma, whereas some of their aglycones are potential agonists of PPARgamma.
An American atheist same-sex sexual predator is attempting to disrupt this thread ..
Ignore him ..
"Alpha-linolenic acid associated with a lower insulin resistance" "PPARgamma agonist alpha-linolenic acid"
Higher dietary intake of alpha-linolenic acid is associated with lower insulin resistance in middle-aged Japanese. Prev Med. 2010 Mar 4. Muramatsu T, Yatsuya H, Toyoshima H, Sasaki S, Yuanying L, Otsuka R, Wada K, Hotta Y, Mitsuhashi H, Matsushita K, Murohara T, Tamakoshi K.
Department of Public Health / Health Information Dynamics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the associations between dietary intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (plant-derived alpha-linolenic acid: ALA, and marine- derived eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid: EPA+DHA) and insulin resistance (IR) in a lean population with high n-3 PUFA intake. METHOD: We cross-sectionally studied 3383 Japanese local government workers aged 35-66 in 2002. IR was defined as the highest quartile of homeostasis model assessment, and nutrient intake was estimated from a diet history questionnaire. The odds ratios (ORs) of IR taking the lowest quartile of ALA or EPA +DHA intake as the reference were calculated by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Mean age, body mass index (BMI), and dietary ALA, and median of dietary EPA+DHA were 47.9years, 22.9kg/m(2), and 1.90g/day (0.88 %E) and 0.77g/day (0.36 %E), respectively. The ORs of IR decreased across the quartiles of ALA intake (multivariate-adjusted OR for Q4 versus Q1=0.74, P for trend=0.01) and the association was observed only in subjects with a BMI <25kg/m(2) (P for interaction=0.033). However EPA+DHA showed no such associations consistently. CONCLUSION: Higher ALA intake was significantly associated with a lower prevalence of IR in normal weight individuals of middle-aged Japanese men and women.
Identification of bioactive compounds from flowers of black elder (Sambucus nigra L.) that activate the human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma. Phytother Res. 2010 Mar 11. Christensen KB, Petersen RK, Kristiansen K, Christensen LP. Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Kirstinebjergvej 10, 5792 Aarslev, Denmark.
Obesity is one of the predisposing factors for the development of overt Type 2 diabetes (T2D). T2D is caused by a combination of insulin resistance and beta-cell failure and can be treated with insulin sensitizing drugs that target the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma. Extracts of elderflowers (Sambucus nigra) have been found to activate PPARgamma and to stimulate insulin-dependent glucose uptake suggesting that they have a potential use in the prevention and/or treatment of insulin resistance. Bioassay-guided chromatographic fractionation of a methanol extract of elderflowers resulted in the identification of two well-known PPARgamma agonists; alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid as well as the flavanone naringenin. Naringenin was found to activate PPARgamma without stimulating adipocyte differentiation. However, the bioactivities of these three metabolites were not able to fully account for the observed PPARgamma activation of the crude elderflower extracts and further studies are needed to determine whether this is due synergistic effects and/or other ligand-independent mechanisms. Elderflower metabolites such as quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, quercetin-3- O-glucoside, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside, isorhamnetin-3- O-glucoside, and 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid were unable to activate PPARgamma. These findings suggest that flavonoid glycosides cannot activate PPARgamma, whereas some of their aglycones are potential agonists of PPARgamma.
An American atheist same-sex sexual predator is attempting to disrupt this thread ..
Ignore him ..
"Alpha-linolenic acid associated with a lower insulin resistance" "PPARgamma agonist alpha-linolenic acid"
Higher dietary intake of alpha-linolenic acid is associated with lower insulin resistance in middle-aged Japanese. Prev Med. 2010 Mar 4. Muramatsu T, Yatsuya H, Toyoshima H, Sasaki S, Yuanying L, Otsuka R, Wada K, Hotta Y, Mitsuhashi H, Matsushita K, Murohara T, Tamakoshi K.
Department of Public Health / Health Information Dynamics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the associations between dietary intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (plant-derived alpha-linolenic acid: ALA, and marine- derived eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid: EPA+DHA) and insulin resistance (IR) in a lean population with high n-3 PUFA intake. METHOD: We cross-sectionally studied 3383 Japanese local government workers aged 35-66 in 2002. IR was defined as the highest quartile of homeostasis model assessment, and nutrient intake was estimated from a diet history questionnaire. The odds ratios (ORs) of IR taking the lowest quartile of ALA or EPA +DHA intake as the reference were calculated by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Mean age, body mass index (BMI), and dietary ALA, and median of dietary EPA+DHA were 47.9years, 22.9kg/m(2), and 1.90g/day (0.88 %E) and 0.77g/day (0.36 %E), respectively. The ORs of IR decreased across the quartiles of ALA intake (multivariate-adjusted OR for Q4 versus Q1=0.74, P for trend=0.01) and the association was observed only in subjects with a BMI <25kg/m(2) (P for interaction=0.033). However EPA+DHA showed no such associations consistently. CONCLUSION: Higher ALA intake was significantly associated with a lower prevalence of IR in normal weight individuals of middle-aged Japanese men and women.
Identification of bioactive compounds from flowers of black elder (Sambucus nigra L.) that activate the human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma. Phytother Res. 2010 Mar 11. Christensen KB, Petersen RK, Kristiansen K, Christensen LP. Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Kirstinebjergvej 10, 5792 Aarslev, Denmark.
Obesity is one of the predisposing factors for the development of overt Type 2 diabetes (T2D). T2D is caused by a combination of insulin resistance and beta-cell failure and can be treated with insulin sensitizing drugs that target the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma. Extracts of elderflowers (Sambucus nigra) have been found to activate PPARgamma and to stimulate insulin-dependent glucose uptake suggesting that they have a potential use in the prevention and/or treatment of insulin resistance. Bioassay-guided chromatographic fractionation of a methanol extract of elderflowers resulted in the identification of two well-known PPARgamma agonists; alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid as well as the flavanone naringenin. Naringenin was found to activate PPARgamma without stimulating adipocyte differentiation. However, the bioactivities of these three metabolites were not able to fully account for the observed PPARgamma activation of the crude elderflower extracts and further studies are needed to determine whether this is due synergistic effects and/or other ligand-independent mechanisms. Elderflower metabolites such as quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, quercetin-3- O-glucoside, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside, isorhamnetin-3- O-glucoside, and 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid were unable to activate PPARgamma. These findings suggest that flavonoid glycosides cannot activate PPARgamma, whereas some of their aglycones are potential agonists of PPARgamma.
An American atheist same-sex sexual predator is attempting to disrupt this thread ..
Ignore him ..
"Alpha-linolenic acid associated with a lower insulin resistance" "PPARgamma agonist alpha-linolenic acid"
Higher dietary intake of alpha-linolenic acid is associated with lower insulin resistance in middle-aged Japanese. Prev Med. 2010 Mar 4. Muramatsu T, Yatsuya H, Toyoshima H, Sasaki S, Yuanying L, Otsuka R, Wada K, Hotta Y, Mitsuhashi H, Matsushita K, Murohara T, Tamakoshi K.
Department of Public Health / Health Information Dynamics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the associations between dietary intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (plant-derived alpha-linolenic acid: ALA, and marine- derived eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid: EPA+DHA) and insulin resistance (IR) in a lean population with high n-3 PUFA intake. METHOD: We cross-sectionally studied 3383 Japanese local government workers aged 35-66 in 2002. IR was defined as the highest quartile of homeostasis model assessment, and nutrient intake was estimated from a diet history questionnaire. The odds ratios (ORs) of IR taking the lowest quartile of ALA or EPA +DHA intake as the reference were calculated by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Mean age, body mass index (BMI), and dietary ALA, and median of dietary EPA+DHA were 47.9years, 22.9kg/m(2), and 1.90g/day (0.88 %E) and 0.77g/day (0.36 %E), respectively. The ORs of IR decreased across the quartiles of ALA intake (multivariate-adjusted OR for Q4 versus Q1=0.74, P for trend=0.01) and the association was observed only in subjects with a BMI <25kg/m(2) (P for interaction=0.033). However EPA+DHA showed no such associations consistently. CONCLUSION: Higher ALA intake was significantly associated with a lower prevalence of IR in normal weight individuals of middle-aged Japanese men and women.
Identification of bioactive compounds from flowers of black elder (Sambucus nigra L.) that activate the human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma. Phytother Res. 2010 Mar 11. Christensen KB, Petersen RK, Kristiansen K, Christensen LP. Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Kirstinebjergvej 10, 5792 Aarslev, Denmark.
Obesity is one of the predisposing factors for the development of overt Type 2 diabetes (T2D). T2D is caused by a combination of insulin resistance and beta-cell failure and can be treated with insulin sensitizing drugs that target the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma. Extracts of elderflowers (Sambucus nigra) have been found to activate PPARgamma and to stimulate insulin-dependent glucose uptake suggesting that they have a potential use in the prevention and/or treatment of insulin resistance. Bioassay-guided chromatographic fractionation of a methanol extract of elderflowers resulted in the identification of two well-known PPARgamma agonists; alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid as well as the flavanone naringenin. Naringenin was found to activate PPARgamma without stimulating adipocyte differentiation. However, the bioactivities of these three metabolites were not able to fully account for the observed PPARgamma activation of the crude elderflower extracts and further studies are needed to determine whether this is due synergistic effects and/or other ligand-independent mechanisms. Elderflower metabolites such as quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, quercetin-3- O-glucoside, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside, isorhamnetin-3- O-glucoside, and 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid were unable to activate PPARgamma. These findings suggest that flavonoid glycosides cannot activate PPARgamma, whereas some of their aglycones are potential agonists of PPARgamma.
An American atheist same-sex sexual predator is attempting to disrupt this thread ..
Ignore him ..
"Alpha-linolenic acid associated with a lower insulin resistance" "PPARgamma agonist alpha-linolenic acid"
Higher dietary intake of alpha-linolenic acid is associated with lower insulin resistance in middle-aged Japanese. Prev Med. 2010 Mar 4. Muramatsu T, Yatsuya H, Toyoshima H, Sasaki S, Yuanying L, Otsuka R, Wada K, Hotta Y, Mitsuhashi H, Matsushita K, Murohara T, Tamakoshi K.
Department of Public Health / Health Information Dynamics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the associations between dietary intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (plant-derived alpha-linolenic acid: ALA, and marine- derived eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid: EPA+DHA) and insulin resistance (IR) in a lean population with high n-3 PUFA intake. METHOD: We cross-sectionally studied 3383 Japanese local government workers aged 35-66 in 2002. IR was defined as the highest quartile of homeostasis model assessment, and nutrient intake was estimated from a diet history questionnaire. The odds ratios (ORs) of IR taking the lowest quartile of ALA or EPA +DHA intake as the reference were calculated by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Mean age, body mass index (BMI), and dietary ALA, and median of dietary EPA+DHA were 47.9years, 22.9kg/m(2), and 1.90g/day (0.88 %E) and 0.77g/day (0.36 %E), respectively. The ORs of IR decreased across the quartiles of ALA intake (multivariate-adjusted OR for Q4 versus Q1=0.74, P for trend=0.01) and the association was observed only in subjects with a BMI <25kg/m(2) (P for interaction=0.033). However EPA+DHA showed no such associations consistently. CONCLUSION: Higher ALA intake was significantly associated with a lower prevalence of IR in normal weight individuals of middle-aged Japanese men and women.
Identification of bioactive compounds from flowers of black elder (Sambucus nigra L.) that activate the human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma. Phytother Res. 2010 Mar 11. Christensen KB, Petersen RK, Kristiansen K, Christensen LP. Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Kirstinebjergvej 10, 5792 Aarslev, Denmark.
Obesity is one of the predisposing factors for the development of overt Type 2 diabetes (T2D). T2D is caused by a combination of insulin resistance and beta-cell failure and can be treated with insulin sensitizing drugs that target the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma. Extracts of elderflowers (Sambucus nigra) have been found to activate PPARgamma and to stimulate insulin-dependent glucose uptake suggesting that they have a potential use in the prevention and/or treatment of insulin resistance. Bioassay-guided chromatographic fractionation of a methanol extract of elderflowers resulted in the identification of two well-known PPARgamma agonists; alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid as well as the flavanone naringenin. Naringenin was found to activate PPARgamma without stimulating adipocyte differentiation. However, the bioactivities of these three metabolites were not able to fully account for the observed PPARgamma activation of the crude elderflower extracts and further studies are needed to determine whether this is due synergistic effects and/or other ligand-independent mechanisms. Elderflower metabolites such as quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, quercetin-3- O-glucoside, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside, isorhamnetin-3- O-glucoside, and 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid were unable to activate PPARgamma. These findings suggest that flavonoid glycosides cannot activate PPARgamma, whereas some of their aglycones are potential agonists of PPARgamma.
An American atheist same-sex sexual predator is attempting to disrupt this thread ..
Ignore him ..
"Alpha-linolenic acid associated with a lower insulin resistance" "PPARgamma agonist alpha-linolenic acid"
Higher dietary intake of alpha-linolenic acid is associated with lower insulin resistance in middle-aged Japanese. Prev Med. 2010 Mar 4. Muramatsu T, Yatsuya H, Toyoshima H, Sasaki S, Yuanying L, Otsuka R, Wada K, Hotta Y, Mitsuhashi H, Matsushita K, Murohara T, Tamakoshi K.
Department of Public Health / Health Information Dynamics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the associations between dietary intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (plant-derived alpha-linolenic acid: ALA, and marine- derived eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid: EPA+DHA) and insulin resistance (IR) in a lean population with high n-3 PUFA intake. METHOD: We cross-sectionally studied 3383 Japanese local government workers aged 35-66 in 2002. IR was defined as the highest quartile of homeostasis model assessment, and nutrient intake was estimated from a diet history questionnaire. The odds ratios (ORs) of IR taking the lowest quartile of ALA or EPA +DHA intake as the reference were calculated by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Mean age, body mass index (BMI), and dietary ALA, and median of dietary EPA+DHA were 47.9years, 22.9kg/m(2), and 1.90g/day (0.88 %E) and 0.77g/day (0.36 %E), respectively. The ORs of IR decreased across the quartiles of ALA intake (multivariate-adjusted OR for Q4 versus Q1=0.74, P for trend=0.01) and the association was observed only in subjects with a BMI <25kg/m(2) (P for interaction=0.033). However EPA+DHA showed no such associations consistently. CONCLUSION: Higher ALA intake was significantly associated with a lower prevalence of IR in normal weight individuals of middle-aged Japanese men and women.
Identification of bioactive compounds from flowers of black elder (Sambucus nigra L.) that activate the human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma. Phytother Res. 2010 Mar 11. Christensen KB, Petersen RK, Kristiansen K, Christensen LP. Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Kirstinebjergvej 10, 5792 Aarslev, Denmark.
Obesity is one of the predisposing factors for the development of overt Type 2 diabetes (T2D). T2D is caused by a combination of insulin resistance and beta-cell failure and can be treated with insulin sensitizing drugs that target the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma. Extracts of elderflowers (Sambucus nigra) have been found to activate PPARgamma and to stimulate insulin-dependent glucose uptake suggesting that they have a potential use in the prevention and/or treatment of insulin resistance. Bioassay-guided chromatographic fractionation of a methanol extract of elderflowers resulted in the identification of two well-known PPARgamma agonists; alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid as well as the flavanone naringenin. Naringenin was found to activate PPARgamma without stimulating adipocyte differentiation. However, the bioactivities of these three metabolites were not able to fully account for the observed PPARgamma activation of the crude elderflower extracts and further studies are needed to determine whether this is due synergistic effects and/or other ligand-independent mechanisms. Elderflower metabolites such as quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, quercetin-3- O-glucoside, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside, isorhamnetin-3- O-glucoside, and 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid were unable to activate PPARgamma. These findings suggest that flavonoid glycosides cannot activate PPARgamma, whereas some of their aglycones are potential agonists of PPARgamma.
An American atheist same-sex sexual predator is attempting to disrupt this thread ..
Ignore him ..
"Alpha-linolenic acid associated with a lower insulin resistance" "PPARgamma agonist alpha-linolenic acid"
Higher dietary intake of alpha-linolenic acid is associated with lower insulin resistance in middle-aged Japanese. Prev Med. 2010 Mar 4. Muramatsu T, Yatsuya H, Toyoshima H, Sasaki S, Yuanying L, Otsuka R, Wada K, Hotta Y, Mitsuhashi H, Matsushita K, Murohara T, Tamakoshi K.
Department of Public Health / Health Information Dynamics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the associations between dietary intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (plant-derived alpha-linolenic acid: ALA, and marine- derived eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid: EPA+DHA) and insulin resistance (IR) in a lean population with high n-3 PUFA intake. METHOD: We cross-sectionally studied 3383 Japanese local government workers aged 35-66 in 2002. IR was defined as the highest quartile of homeostasis model assessment, and nutrient intake was estimated from a diet history questionnaire. The odds ratios (ORs) of IR taking the lowest quartile of ALA or EPA +DHA intake as the reference were calculated by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Mean age, body mass index (BMI), and dietary ALA, and median of dietary EPA+DHA were 47.9years, 22.9kg/m(2), and 1.90g/day (0.88 %E) and 0.77g/day (0.36 %E), respectively. The ORs of IR decreased across the quartiles of ALA intake (multivariate-adjusted OR for Q4 versus Q1=0.74, P for trend=0.01) and the association was observed only in subjects with a BMI <25kg/m(2) (P for interaction=0.033). However EPA+DHA showed no such associations consistently. CONCLUSION: Higher ALA intake was significantly associated with a lower prevalence of IR in normal weight individuals of middle-aged Japanese men and women.
Identification of bioactive compounds from flowers of black elder (Sambucus nigra L.) that activate the human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma. Phytother Res. 2010 Mar 11. Christensen KB, Petersen RK, Kristiansen K, Christensen LP. Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Kirstinebjergvej 10, 5792 Aarslev, Denmark.
Obesity is one of the predisposing factors for the development of overt Type 2 diabetes (T2D). T2D is caused by a combination of insulin resistance and beta-cell failure and can be treated with insulin sensitizing drugs that target the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma. Extracts of elderflowers (Sambucus nigra) have been found to activate PPARgamma and to stimulate insulin-dependent glucose uptake suggesting that they have a potential use in the prevention and/or treatment of insulin resistance. Bioassay-guided chromatographic fractionation of a methanol extract of elderflowers resulted in the identification of two well-known PPARgamma agonists; alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid as well as the flavanone naringenin. Naringenin was found to activate PPARgamma without stimulating adipocyte differentiation. However, the bioactivities of these three metabolites were not able to fully account for the observed PPARgamma activation of the crude elderflower extracts and further studies are needed to determine whether this is due synergistic effects and/or other ligand-independent mechanisms. Elderflower metabolites such as quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, quercetin-3- O-glucoside, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside, isorhamnetin-3- O-glucoside, and 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid were unable to activate PPARgamma. These findings suggest that flavonoid glycosides cannot activate PPARgamma, whereas some of their aglycones are potential agonists of PPARgamma.
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"Alpha-linolenic acid associated with a lower insulin resistance" "PPARgamma agonist alpha-linolenic acid"
Higher dietary intake of alpha-linolenic acid is associated with lower insulin resistance in middle-aged Japanese. Prev Med. 2010 Mar 4. Muramatsu T, Yatsuya H, Toyoshima H, Sasaki S, Yuanying L, Otsuka R, Wada K, Hotta Y, Mitsuhashi H, Matsushita K, Murohara T, Tamakoshi K.
Department of Public Health / Health Information Dynamics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the associations between dietary intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (plant-derived alpha-linolenic acid: ALA, and marine- derived eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid: EPA+DHA) and insulin resistance (IR) in a lean population with high n-3 PUFA intake. METHOD: We cross-sectionally studied 3383 Japanese local government workers aged 35-66 in 2002. IR was defined as the highest quartile of homeostasis model assessment, and nutrient intake was estimated from a diet history questionnaire. The odds ratios (ORs) of IR taking the lowest quartile of ALA or EPA +DHA intake as the reference were calculated by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Mean age, body mass index (BMI), and dietary ALA, and median of dietary EPA+DHA were 47.9years, 22.9kg/m(2), and 1.90g/day (0.88 %E) and 0.77g/day (0.36 %E), respectively. The ORs of IR decreased across the quartiles of ALA intake (multivariate-adjusted OR for Q4 versus Q1=0.74, P for trend=0.01) and the association was observed only in subjects with a BMI <25kg/m(2) (P for interaction=0.033). However EPA+DHA showed no such associations consistently. CONCLUSION: Higher ALA intake was significantly associated with a lower prevalence of IR in normal weight individuals of middle-aged Japanese men and women.
Identification of bioactive compounds from flowers of black elder (Sambucus nigra L.) that activate the human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma. Phytother Res. 2010 Mar 11. Christensen KB, Petersen RK, Kristiansen K, Christensen LP. Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Kirstinebjergvej 10, 5792 Aarslev, Denmark.
Obesity is one of the predisposing factors for the development of overt Type 2 diabetes (T2D). T2D is caused by a combination of insulin resistance and beta-cell failure and can be treated with insulin sensitizing drugs that target the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma. Extracts of elderflowers (Sambucus nigra) have been found to activate PPARgamma and to stimulate insulin-dependent glucose uptake suggesting that they have a potential use in the prevention and/or treatment of insulin resistance. Bioassay-guided chromatographic fractionation of a methanol extract of elderflowers resulted in the identification of two well-known PPARgamma agonists; alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid as well as the flavanone naringenin. Naringenin was found to activate PPARgamma without stimulating adipocyte differentiation. However, the bioactivities of these three metabolites were not able to fully account for the observed PPARgamma activation of the crude elderflower extracts and further studies are needed to determine whether this is due synergistic effects and/or other ligand-independent mechanisms. Elderflower metabolites such as quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, quercetin-3- O-glucoside, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside, isorhamnetin-3- O-glucoside, and 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid were unable to activate PPARgamma. These findings suggest that flavonoid glycosides cannot activate PPARgamma, whereas some of their aglycones are potential agonists of PPARgamma.
An American atheist same-sex sexual predator is attempting to disrupt this thread ..
Ignore him ..
"Alpha-linolenic acid associated with a lower insulin resistance" "PPARgamma agonist alpha-linolenic acid"
Higher dietary intake of alpha-linolenic acid is associated with lower insulin resistance in middle-aged Japanese. Prev Med. 2010 Mar 4. Muramatsu T, Yatsuya H, Toyoshima H, Sasaki S, Yuanying L, Otsuka R, Wada K, Hotta Y, Mitsuhashi H, Matsushita K, Murohara T, Tamakoshi K.
Department of Public Health / Health Information Dynamics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the associations between dietary intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (plant-derived alpha-linolenic acid: ALA, and marine- derived eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid: EPA+DHA) and insulin resistance (IR) in a lean population with high n-3 PUFA intake. METHOD: We cross-sectionally studied 3383 Japanese local government workers aged 35-66 in 2002. IR was defined as the highest quartile of homeostasis model assessment, and nutrient intake was estimated from a diet history questionnaire. The odds ratios (ORs) of IR taking the lowest quartile of ALA or EPA +DHA intake as the reference were calculated by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Mean age, body mass index (BMI), and dietary ALA, and median of dietary EPA+DHA were 47.9years, 22.9kg/m(2), and 1.90g/day (0.88 %E) and 0.77g/day (0.36 %E), respectively. The ORs of IR decreased across the quartiles of ALA intake (multivariate-adjusted OR for Q4 versus Q1=0.74, P for trend=0.01) and the association was observed only in subjects with a BMI <25kg/m(2) (P for interaction=0.033). However EPA+DHA showed no such associations consistently. CONCLUSION: Higher ALA intake was significantly associated with a lower prevalence of IR in normal weight individuals of middle-aged Japanese men and women.
Identification of bioactive compounds from flowers of black elder (Sambucus nigra L.) that activate the human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma. Phytother Res. 2010 Mar 11. Christensen KB, Petersen RK, Kristiansen K, Christensen LP. Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Kirstinebjergvej 10, 5792 Aarslev, Denmark.
Obesity is one of the predisposing factors for the development of overt Type 2 diabetes (T2D). T2D is caused by a combination of insulin resistance and beta-cell failure and can be treated with insulin sensitizing drugs that target the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma. Extracts of elderflowers (Sambucus nigra) have been found to activate PPARgamma and to stimulate insulin-dependent glucose uptake suggesting that they have a potential use in the prevention and/or treatment of insulin resistance. Bioassay-guided chromatographic fractionation of a methanol extract of elderflowers resulted in the identification of two well-known PPARgamma agonists; alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid as well as the flavanone naringenin. Naringenin was found to activate PPARgamma without stimulating adipocyte differentiation. However, the bioactivities of these three metabolites were not able to fully account for the observed PPARgamma activation of the crude elderflower extracts and further studies are needed to determine whether this is due synergistic effects and/or other ligand-independent mechanisms. Elderflower metabolites such as quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, quercetin-3- O-glucoside, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside, isorhamnetin-3- O-glucoside, and 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid were unable to activate PPARgamma. These findings suggest that flavonoid glycosides cannot activate PPARgamma, whereas some of their aglycones are potential agonists of PPARgamma.
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